Jessica Pilling and her husband, Chris, run Bike Healdsburg, a small “party bicycle” business offering a fun way to explore Healdsburg, California. The husband-and-wife team also operates a patent agency and, up until the COVID-19 pandemic, ran an international student-recruiting service.
As the couple and their three young children outgrow the duplex where they currently live, Jessica subdivided their lot to build a new family home and an attached accessory dwelling unit (ADU) on the second lot, with a plan to rent their duplex on the housing market.
Under the City’s 1996 “inclusionary housing” program, permission for the Pillings’ building plans required them to either give land to the City for affordable housing purposes or pay a $20,134.75 fee. With little choice, the Pillings paid the fee under protest.
But there’s a fundamental constitutional defect with the City’s fee: Governments cannot burden homebuilders with costs for problems they do not create. The Supreme Court’s land-use triumvirate in Nollan v. California Coastal Commission (1987), Dolan v. City of Tigard (1994), and Koontz v. St. Johns River Water Management District (2013) established that permit conditions for new construction must be proportional and directly related to its impact. Anything above and beyond is an unconstitutional property taking. Moreover, PLF’s recent Supreme Court victory in Sheetz v. County of El Dorado confirmed that even permit conditions imposed by legislation rather than ad-hoc, like Healdsburg’s policy, are subject to these same rules.
Healdsburg’s requirements amount to an exorbitant ransom for permission to build much-needed homes. The City imposed an unfair burden on Jessica that was unrelated to her building plans and far more than her fair share toward addressing the city’s larger affordable housing problem.
Represented at no charge by Pacific Legal Foundation, Jessica fought back with a federal lawsuit challenging Healdsburg’s unconstitutional permitting condition.
Less than two months after the lawsuit was filed, Healdsburg settled: The city agreed to refund the inclusionary housing fee and pay an additional sum to Jessica to compensate for her hardship.
The settlement is a clear victory for Jessica and her family. Healdsburg’s inclusionary housing ordinance remains on the books for now, but PLF continues to fight for homeowners across the country to challenge these unjust policies wherever they stand.